NURS FPX 4015 Assessment 3

NURS FPX 4015 Assessment 3

Name

Chamberlain University

NURS-FPX4015 Pathophysiology, Pharmacology, and Physical Assessment: A Holistic Approach to Patient-Centered Care

Prof. Name

Date

Concept Map: The 3Ps and Mental Health Care

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental health condition, ranking as the third leading cause of global disease burden (Bains & Abdijadid, 2023). The three primary factors influencing MDD include psychological, physiological, and pharmacological components—collectively known as the 3Ps. Understanding these elements is essential for developing evidence-based mental health care strategies. This concept map serves as a structured approach to organizing these factors, aiding in clinical decision-making and improving patient-centered care.

Case Scenario

Ivy Jackson, a 61-year-old woman, presents with symptoms indicative of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) following a significant life event. She reports persistent sadness, weight loss, sleep disturbances, and emotional distress, which align with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria for MDD. Her symptoms require a comprehensive approach, including an evaluation of risk factors, diagnostic assessments, pharmacological treatments, management of potential complications, and nursing interventions tailored to her specific needs.

Mental Health Diagnosis

Ivy’s symptoms are consistent with MDD, characterized by prolonged sadness, loss of interest in daily activities, cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, and functional decline (Bains & Abdijadid, 2023). The sudden dissolution of her 38-year marriage triggered her depressive symptoms, leading to persistent feelings of hopelessness, frequent crying episodes, and anhedonia. Additionally, she has experienced a 10-pound weight loss due to appetite reduction, along with insomnia, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating. Although she denies suicidal ideation, her emotional distress and social isolation elevate her risk, necessitating close monitoring and intervention.

Multiple factors contribute to Ivy’s depressive episode. Her psychosocial stressors, including divorce and a family history of depression, increase her vulnerability. Genetic predisposition is also a factor, as her mother and brother have a history of depression. Additionally, she has hypertension and has previously experienced depressive episodes, particularly during major life transitions, such as her youngest child leaving for college. She was prescribed venlafaxine, a Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI), but discontinued it due to withdrawal symptoms, potentially leading to her current relapse. Studies suggest that non-adherence to antidepressants is a key factor in the recurrence of depressive symptoms (Naudín et al., 2022).

Although Ivy’s symptoms were triggered by her divorce, her condition aligns more closely with MDD rather than situational depression. Situational depression typically resolves once the stressor is removed, whereas MDD persists and involves biological dysregulation, including neurotransmitter imbalances and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction (Remes, 2021). Given the chronic nature of her symptoms and her history of depression, a multifaceted treatment plan—including pharmacological therapy, psychotherapy, and lifestyle modifications—is essential to improve her emotional well-being, adherence to treatment, and overall quality of life.

Concept Map for Ivy Jackson

Conclusion

Ivy Jackson’s case highlights the multifaceted nature of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The structured concept map provides a clear breakdown of risk factors, symptoms, diagnostic approaches, pharmacological treatments, complications, and nursing interventions. Addressing MDD requires an integrated approach, combining psychological, physiological, and pharmacological factors to optimize treatment, improve patient adherence, and enhance overall mental well-being. A patient-centered care model that prioritizes individualized treatment, social support, and evidence-based interventions is essential for Ivy’s long-term recovery and quality of life.

References

Bains, N., & Abdijadid, S. (2023, April 10). Major depressive disorder. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559078/

Chand, S., & Arif, H. (2023). Depression. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430847/

Lieshout, R. J. V., Layton, H., Savoy, C. D., Haber, E., Feller, A., Biscaro, A., Bieling, P. J., & Ferro, M. A. (2022). Public health nurse-delivered group cognitive behavioural therapy for postpartum depression: A randomized controlled trial. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 67(6), 432–440. https://doi.org/10.1177/07067437221074426

NURS FPX 4015 Assessment 3

Naudín, M. A.-P., Abejón, E.-G., Gómez, F.-H., Lázaro, D.-F., & Álvarez, F. J. (2022). Non-adherence to antidepressant treatment and related factors in a region of Spain: A population-based registry study. Pharmaceutics, 14(12), 2696. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14122696

Remes, O. (2021). Biological, psychological, and social determinants of depression: A review of recent literature. Brain Sciences, 11(12), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11121633