BIOS 256 Week 3 Case Study Metabolism

Name

Chamberlain University

BIOS-256 Anatomy & Physiology IV with Lab

Prof. Name

Date

Case Study 2: BT

History

BT is a 36-year-old female who has experienced dysuria (painful urination) and increased urinary frequency for the past two days. She has no fever or additional symptoms and admits to reduced water intake during this time.

Physical Examination

The abdomen is soft, without any tenderness or masses.

Laboratory Results

A urinalysis, conducted with a dipstick, revealed the presence of leukocytes and nitrites, indicating a urinary tract infection (UTI). Additionally, ketones were detected in her urine (ketonuria), which is unexpected. Further history is needed to determine the cause of her excess ketone production.

Deliverables

1. Two potential causes of ketonuria

Diabetes
Glycogen storage disease

2. Nutrient involved in ketone formation
Ketones are produced when glucose levels in the body are insufficient.

3. Describe lipolysis and ketone formation
Lipolysis is the process by which triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids. When glucose is in short supply, ketones are produced in the liver from the breakdown of fats, serving as an alternative energy source for the body.

4. Is lipolysis anabolic or catabolic?
Lipolysis is a catabolic process, as it involves the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller components.

5. Predict the effect of excess ketones on blood pH
Excess ketones can lead to a drop in blood pH, resulting in metabolic acidosis, a condition known as ketoacidosis.

References

Ketones. (2021). Ketones. https://dtc.ucsf.edu/types-of-diabetes/type2/understanding-type-2-diabetes/how-the-body-processes-sugar/ketones/#:%7E:text=Ketones%20and%20ketoacids%20are%20alternative,supply%20the%20body’s%20fuel%20needs