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Name
Chamberlain University
NR-442 Community Health Nursing
Prof. Name
Date
Annie Omoniyi, a nursing student with ID D41079059, has been tasked with completing a quiz in NR 442 Community/Public Health Nursing on vaccine administration. The quiz is designed to assess knowledge on several aspects of immunization, including the administration process, precautions, and best practices.
The quiz begins by asking which of the options provided is not one of the “Rights” of medication administration adapted for vaccines. The options include the right patient, right vaccine with the right diluent if needed, right documentation, right dosage, right route, needle length and technique, right time, right clinic, and the right site.
Another question covers the screening process for contraindications and precautions before administering vaccines. It emphasizes the importance of screening every time a vaccine dose is administered, not just during the initial visit or when vaccinating infants and young children.
Regarding immunization schedules, the quiz clarifies that these schedules are updated not only when new vaccines are introduced but also when other significant factors come into play. The childhood immunization schedule is recommended for children from birth through 18 years of age, ensuring comprehensive vaccination during early development.
After-care instructions following vaccine administration are critical. These instructions should include guidance on when to seek medical attention and information regarding possible side effects such as fever, injection site pain, and fussiness.
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends observing a patient seated or lying down for 15 minutes after receiving a vaccine to monitor for any immediate adverse reactions. The Vaccine Information Statements (VISs) must be provided every time a vaccine dose is administered, not just during the first administration.
Strategies to minimize pain during injections include breastfeeding infants, using distraction techniques, and avoiding aspiration during injections. These strategies aim to ensure a more comfortable vaccination experience for patients.
The quiz also tests knowledge of the vaccine preparation process, including selecting the appropriate vaccine, checking expiration dates, and using new, sterile needles and syringes for each injection. It touches on the administration routes for various vaccines, such as the oral route for rotavirus and the intradermal route for other vaccines.
For intramuscular injections, the recommended needle insertion angle is 90 degrees, whereas subcutaneous injections should be administered at a 45-degree angle into fatty tissue. Additionally, the recommended injection site varies depending on the patient’s age, such as the vastus lateralis muscle for a 9-month-old infant.
Federal law mandates specific documentation for vaccines, including the vaccine lot number, manufacturer, date of administration, and the edition date of the VIS. Best practices to prevent vaccine administration errors include checking expiration dates and screening for contraindications every time a vaccine is given.
The quiz concludes with a scenario where an 11-year-old girl requires multiple vaccines. Before administering them, it’s essential to assess the immunization history, screen for contraindications, and prepare the vaccines.
| Question | Options | Correct Answer |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Which of the following is NOT one of the Rights of Medication administration Adapted for Vaccines? | a. Right patient b. Right vaccine with right diluent c. Right documentation d. Right dosage e. Right route, needle length, and technique f. Right time g. Right clinic h. Right site | g. Right clinic |
| 2. Patients should be screened for contraindications and precautions: | a. At the first visit b. Only if vaccinating infants and young children c. Every time a vaccine dose is administered | c. Every time a vaccine dose is administered |
| 3. Immunization schedules are updated only when new vaccines are recommended. | a. True b. False | b. False |
| 4. The childhood immunization schedule is for children: | a. Birth through 5 years of age b. 2 through 12 years of age c. Birth through 18 years of age d. 5 through 12 years of age | c. Birth through 18 years of age |
| 5. After-care instructions should include information on: | a. When to seek medical attention b. Fever c. Injection site pain d. Fussiness e. All of the above | e. All of the above |
| 6. ACIP recommends providers consider observing a patient for: | a. 15 minutes after vaccine administration b. 30 minutes after vaccine administration c. 10 minutes after vaccine administration d. None of the above | a. 15 minutes after vaccine administration |
| 7. Vaccine Information Statements (VISs): | a. Should only be given the first time a vaccine is administered b. Should be given when any vaccine dose is administered to a child or adult c. Are only required during an outbreak d. Can be used at the provider’s discretion | b. Should be given when any vaccine dose is administered |
| 8. Strategies to decrease pain during an injection include: | a. Breastfeeding infants b. Distracting the patient c. Avoiding aspiration during injections d. All of the above e. None of the above | d. All of the above |
| 9. Which of the following is not part of vaccine preparation? | a. Order vaccine from the manufacturer b. Select vaccine and diluent c. Check the expiration date d. Select the correct needle size | a. Order vaccine from the manufacturer |
| 10. Rotavirus vaccine is administered by the __ route: | a. Intramuscular (IM) b. Subcutaneous (Subcut or SC) c. Intranasal (Nas) d. Oral (PO) | d. Oral (PO) |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Vaccine Information for Healthcare Professionals. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/admin/downloads/vaccine-administration.pdf
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