NR 536 Discussions

NR 536 Discussions

Name

Chamberlain University

NR-536: Advanced Health Assessment, Pathophysiology & Pharmacology for Advanced Nursing Practice

Prof. Name

Date

Week 1: Social Determinants of Health

The social determinants of health are critical in shaping the health outcomes and well-being of individuals. For health care professionals, it is essential to approach assessments with an open mind, respect for diversity, and awareness of any implicit biases that may influence their evaluation of social, cultural, economic, educational, and environmental factors. During Week One, reflection on these aspects highlighted the importance of incorporating these factors into a holistic health assessment.

One exercise involved identifying three specific social determinants: access to mass media (e.g., cell phone/internet), social/family support, and health literacy. Each plays a vital role in patient care and health outcomes. For example, during the COVID-19 vaccine rollout, it became clear that access to internet and cell phone services was essential for scheduling appointments and managing health information through online systems like MyChart. Without this access, many patients struggle to manage their care. Similarly, social support systems are a cornerstone of holistic care, particularly in stressful health situations. Identifying if a patient lacks support can prompt healthcare providers to connect them with available resources. Health literacy is another key component; understanding a patient’s capacity to comprehend their diagnosis, treatment, or care instructions enables nurses to tailor educational approaches for improved outcomes.

Using a holistic approach, certain questions can help gauge the influence of social determinants on individual health. For example:

1. “Do you have access to medical records and care information electronically?”
2. “What kind of support system do you have at home?”
3. “What is the best way to educate you about new information related to your health?”

The Synergy Model provides a valuable framework for understanding the dynamic relationship between nurses and patients. This model underscores the importance of the nurse’s competencies in improving patient outcomes by recognizing social and health literacy needs. Addressing biases and respecting differences in age and cultural backgrounds further enriches person-centered care and enhances inclusivity.

Week 2: Health Promotion and Preventive Education

Health promotion models offer effective frameworks for advanced nursing practice, particularly in promoting preventive care and addressing health variables holistically. For example, in managing glaucoma—a chronic eye condition that can lead to blindness if untreated—education on preventive measures and risk factors is essential, especially for elderly patients who may be more susceptible. Regular eye exams, understanding family history, and maintaining protective measures are crucial preventive actions.

Two variables, including accessibility to eye care and health literacy, influence health promotion efforts. Patients without adequate insurance coverage may face financial barriers to regular eye exams, affecting early detection and treatment. Moreover, low health literacy can hinder patient understanding of care instructions. Employing the “teach-back” method allows nurses to confirm that patients comprehend their condition and care, thus enhancing the effectiveness of education. Advanced knowledge in physical assessment, pathophysiology, and pharmacology supports this process, allowing nurses to communicate medical information accurately and promote long-term health effectively.

Week 3: Nurse as Educator for Respiratory Conditions

In Week Three, the role of the MSN-prepared nurse as an educator was emphasized, with a focus on respiratory health. Chronic or acute respiratory conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), necessitate patient education and supportive health promotion models. By using the Health Belief Model, nurses can better understand patient perceptions of risk and encourage proactive management of their respiratory health.

For example, asking patients, “What concerns do you have about managing your respiratory symptoms?” and “What strategies have been helpful in coping with breathlessness?” helps assess readiness and adaptability. Encouraging cultural sensitivity and openness fosters respect and builds trust, making education more effective.

Case Scenarios and Continuum of Care Transitions: Osteomyelitis

In Week Five, a scenario involving osteomyelitis, an infection in the bone, underscored the importance of a continuum of care. Osteomyelitis often requires surgery and prolonged IV antibiotics, with potential transitions across multiple care settings. Such a journey, from emergency department admission to surgical units, rehabilitation, and possible long-term outpatient care, introduces numerous physical, psychosocial, and economic challenges.

Patients with osteomyelitis face potential physical limitations, psychosocial stressors, and financial burdens, particularly if they require home adaptations. Holistic, advanced assessments in pathophysiology and pharmacology are essential for person-centered, safe care during these transitions, especially in anticipating complications and supporting recovery goals.

NR 536 Discussions

Social Determinants of Health: Impact on Patient-Centered Care

NR 536 Discussions

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Social determinants of health: Know what affects health. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/socialdeterminants/index.htm

World Health Organization. (2019). Social determinants of health. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/social_determinants/en/