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Name
Capella University
NURS-FPX 4050 Coord Patient-Centered Care
Prof. Name
Date
Substance abuse is the excessive use of harmful substances, leading to physical and psychosocial implications. This preliminary care coordination plan is established for the population around South Charleston Community Center, West Virginia, engaged in unhealthy behaviors of substance abuse. As a care coordinator, I have personalized this care coordination plan, elaborating on substance abuse and its consequences for communities. Furthermore, this plan presents evidence-based best practices to address the concern and develop SMART goals for the concerned population. Finally, the plan lists the available community resources that affected and high-risk individuals can use to improve health outcomes and mitigate substance abuse in the community.
According to the American Psychological Association (APA) (2024), substance abuse is described as the continued use of harmful substances such as alcohol, tobacco, prescription drugs, illegal drugs, inhalants, and Performance-Enhancing Drugs (PED). Young adults are most commonly engaged in such activities, accounting for 6.2% in 2019 in the United States (Lu et al., 2023). Additional statistics reveal that 50% of people aged 12 and above have used these substances once in their lifetime, leading to approximately 1 million deaths associated with substance use disorder in the US. West Virginia is at the top of all other states, leading with a 51.5 death rate among 100,000 people (NCDAS, n.d.).
Substance abuse has several physical consequences, including damage to the vital body organs, leading to morbidity and mortality. Simultaneously, the health concern leads to emotional distress, inability to perform daily activities, and social isolation, damaging an individual’s psychosocial well-being. Thus, these statistics and poor consequences advocate for comprehensive care coordination to eradicate the issue from the communities. However, various socio-cultural norms, beliefs, and traditions prevent individuals from seeking substance abuse services (Razaghi et al., 2023). Evidence-based best practices to address the issue among the population served by South Charleston Community Center include community-based educational programs and collaborative care models.
This analysis assumes that our concerned community members will show positive attitudes while collaborating for better patient outcomes. Moreover, the analysis presupposes that integrating healthcare services through collaborative models and raising awareness through education will improve health outcomes and reduce substance abuse rates. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of implementation strategies, variations in community needs and resources, long-term sustainability, and the impact of socio-cultural disparities may generate uncertainties within the care coordination plan.
SMART goals are necessary to address substance abuse and reduce its prevalence rate in West Virginia. These goals are to enhance access to healthcare services and implement substance abuse prevention programs in schools.
The goal is to expand the number of healthcare facilities and rehabilitation providers in West Virginia (S) within the next 12-18 months (T). We aim to establish three more rehabilitation centers within the community and integrate substance abuse and mental health services within all community centers and hospitals nearby (A). This goal will be measured by the 20% increase in individuals receiving substance abuse treatment (M). The goal is relevant (R) as it addresses the need for healthcare disparities due to inaccessible healthcare services in West Virginia.
Another goal is collaborating with local schools and educational institutions to implement substance abuse prevention programs and policies (S). We aim to decrease the prevalence of substance abuse among adolescents and young adults by 50% within a year (M, T). The goal is attainable through teachers’ training and development, awareness programs, mental health screening, substance abuse screening, and “SAY NO TO SUBSTANCE” policies within the schools (A). Since adolescents are a high-risk population for substance abuse, this goal is relevant to prevent future generations from this harmful behavior and minimize the risk of morbidities and mortality (R).
Several community resources are available in the United States, specifically in West Virginia, for patient safety and the continuum of care related to substance abuse. These include the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), which provides financial resources, training programs, and logistical resources to support substance abuse prevention, treatment, and recovery services across the United States (SAMHSA, n.d.). They also provide a 24/7 helpline service through 1-800-662-HELP (4357) for substance abuse treatment and mental health services. Furthermore, the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources (WVDHHR) oversees public health programs in West Virginia, including substance abuse prevention, treatment, and recovery services. Along with it, the West Virginia Office of Drug Control Policy (ODCP) coordinates efforts to address substance abuse issues, including law enforcement initiatives.
The collaboration among these organizations has led to several beneficial initiatives, such as the Prescription Drug Monitoring Program, that addressed the drug overdose epidemic in West Virginia, resulting in positive health outcomes for the communities (Wood et al., 2023). Additionally, many universities and colleges in West Virginia offer Collegiate Recovery Programs (CRPs) to support students and young adults in recovery from substance abuse disorders. An example is the Collegiate Recovery Community at West Virginia University (West Virginia University, n.d.). Other resources include local support groups. Telehealth services, educational programs, and counseling services within the community. Collectively, these resources contribute to improving community health by providing access to prevention, treatment, and recovery services for substance abuse survivors in the state.
American Psychological Association (APA). (2024, February). Substance use, abuse, and addiction. https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction
Fishbein, D. H., & Sloboda, Z. (2023). A national strategy for preventing substance and opioid use disorders through evidence-based prevention programming that fosters healthy outcomes in our youth. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 26(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-022-00420-5
Lu, W., Lopez-Castro, T., & Vu, T. (2023). Population-based examination of substance use disorders and treatment use among US young adults in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011–2019. Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports, 8, 100181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2023.100181
NCDAS. (n.d.). Drug abuse statistics. https://drugabusestatistics.org/
Razaghi, E., Farhoudian, A., Pilevari, A., Noroozi, A., Hooshyari, Z., Radfar, R., & Malekinejad, M. (2023). Identification of the socio-cultural barriers of drug addiction treatment in Iran. Heliyon, 9(5), e15566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15566
SAMHSA. (n.d.). SAMHSA – The Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration. https://www.samhsa.gov/node
West Virginia University. (n.d.). Collegiate Recovery Program | Home. https://recovery.wvu.edu/home
Wood, N., Mells, J., Dotson, T., & Jeffries, J. E. (2023). Enhancing and leveraging the West Virginia’s Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) for public health surveillance and clinical decision making: A case study. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice : JPHMP, 29(2), E37–E43. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000001660
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