Name
Chamberlain University
BIOS-251 Anatomy & Physiology I
Prof. Name
Date
Part | Activity | Points |
---|---|---|
Part A | Measuring pH using pH Strip | 3 |
Part B | Measuring pH using pH Meter | 6 |
Part C | Strong Acids as Buffers | 4 |
Part D | Comparing Antacids | 8 |
Part E | Solutions | 3 |
Reflection | 10-14 Sentence Reflection | 6 |
1.0 Thoroughly review the entire laboratory packet. (Refer to the attached sheets.)
As discussed in your weekly modules, pH is a measure of proton (H⁺) concentration in a solution. The pH scale, ranging from 0 to 14 for most substances, measures acidity and basicity. Generally, acids have pH values below 7, while bases have values above 7, with a pH of 7 considered neutral, characteristic of pure water.
This week, you learned that buffers resist changes in pH. A phosphate buffer was prepared for this lab, commonly used for contact lens storage to maintain a pH close to that of natural tears.
In solutions, the solute is the lesser component, and the solvent is the predominant one. It’s important to remember that solutes and solvents do not separate over time.
In this lab, you will explore essential chemicals and their properties. You will learn various techniques to measure the pH of different solutions and understand the concepts of neutralization, the behavior of acids in water, and the preparation of solutions at varying concentrations.
Each lab group will observe demonstrations from the instructor. Be sure to print a copy of this lab document for each group member along with necessary writing utensils.
Review the observation report, complete the tables, and answer the questions fully to earn full credit. Utilize available resources such as textbooks and lecture notes for accurate responses.
Different areas of the body maintain specific optimal pH levels. For instance, blood typically has a pH range between 7.35 and 7.45. This experiment examines various common household chemicals to investigate their pH levels.
Materials: DI water, lemon juice, 10% bleach, unknown solutions
Method:
Solution | Color Description | pH Value | Acid or Base |
---|---|---|---|
DI Water | |||
Unknown A | |||
Unknown B | |||
Lemon Juice | |||
10% Bleach |
Using a pH meter provides an accurate measure of H⁺ ion concentration. Dip the pH meter into each solution and record the pH values.
Solution | pH Value (pH Meter) | pH Value (pH Strips) | Conclusion: Acid or Base |
---|---|---|---|
DI Water | |||
Unknown A | |||
Unknown B | |||
Lemon Juice | |||
10% Bleach |
Questions:
Description of Experiment:
This experiment assesses how strong acids affect pH in both water and a phosphate buffer solution by adding HCl dropwise.
Measurement Number | Drops of HCl | Water pH | Buffer Solution pH |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 0 (initial pH) | 7.0 | 7.1 |
2 | 1 | 6.0 | 7.1 |
3 | 2 | 5.5 | 7.09 |
4 | 3 | 3.9 | 7.09 |
5 | 4 | 3.7 | 7.09 |
6 | 5 | 3.1 | 7.08 |
7 | 6 | 2.0 | 7.09 |
8 | 7 | 1.9 | 7.1 |
9 | 8 | 1.8 | 7.09 |
10 | 9 | 1.4 | 7.08 |
Questions:
Have you ever taken an antacid for heartburn relief? Stomach acid is approximately 0.36 M HCl. In this section, we will compare various antacids against simulated stomach acid to determine their effectiveness.
Materials: 0.36 M HCl, beakers, pH strips, Tums, Alka-Seltzer
Experiment:
Brand Name of Antacid | Total Tablets Required | Active Ingredient | Amount per Tablet |
---|---|---|---|
Tums | |||
Alka-Seltzer |
Questions:
This section reviews the preparation of solutions, focusing on a normal saline solution commonly used in healthcare.
Preparation of Normal Saline:
To prepare a 500 mL bag of normal saline, dissolve 4.5 g of NaCl in water, heating the solution for sterilization before transferring it to a sterile bag.
Reflect on four key concepts learned during this lab. Be specific and ensure your response is comprehensive, totaling 10-12 sentences.
Activity | Deliverable | Points |
---|---|---|
Part A | Complete Table 1 | 3 |
Part B | Complete Table 2; answer all questions | 6 |
Part C | Answer all questions | 4 |
Part D | Answer all questions and complete both tables | 8 |
Part E | Complete all 3 questions | 3 |
Reflection | Write a 10-14 sentence laboratory reflection | 6 |
Total | 30 |
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