Name
Chamberlain University
NR-717: Concepts in Population Health Outcomes & Health Policy
Prof. Name
Datea
The aim of this discussion is to critically examine strategies that can be implemented to address a population health practice problem with the goal of minimizing disparities. This process involves analyzing national health objectives, integrating evidence-based interventions, and applying systematic evaluation frameworks to measure the success and sustainability of these strategies. By doing so, healthcare professionals can ensure that interventions not only address the immediate health concerns but also foster long-term improvements in population health.
The identified practice problem centers on diabetes management among low-income populations. Diabetes remains a widespread chronic condition that disproportionately impacts vulnerable communities. Socioeconomic barriers such as inadequate access to affordable, nutritious foods, limited preventive healthcare services, and challenges with consistent medication adherence exacerbate the issue. These factors increase the risk of complications and hinder disease control. Addressing diabetes management in these populations is essential for reducing health inequities and promoting sustainable improvements in overall well-being.
A relevant Healthy People 2030 objective is:
“Reduce the burden of diabetes and improve quality of life for all people who have, or are at risk for, diabetes.”
This goal emphasizes prevention, early detection, and interventions that enhance treatment adherence while also ensuring equitable access to healthcare resources. Aligning interventions with this objective can help reduce the incidence of diabetes-related complications and foster healthier, more resilient communities.
Link: Healthy People 2030
One effective evidence-based intervention is the implementation of community-based Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) programs. These initiatives empower individuals with the knowledge and skills to manage their condition effectively. Evidence indicates that DSME improves blood glucose monitoring, promotes healthier lifestyle practices, and fosters better adherence to prescribed treatments (Chrvala et al., 2016).
When these programs are culturally adapted and facilitated by trained community health workers, they can significantly enhance participation and engagement. Culturally tailored DSME programs respect the unique needs of populations, such as language barriers, dietary practices, and socioeconomic constraints, making them highly effective in reducing disparities.
The evaluation of the DSME program can be conducted using the Three E’s Framework. This framework ensures that the intervention is measured not only in terms of cost and resources but also in terms of its real-world application and scientifically validated outcomes.
| Evaluation Criteria | Definition | Application to DSME Intervention |
|---|---|---|
| Efficiency | Refers to the optimal use of resources including time, cost, and workforce. | Assess program expenses relative to measurable health improvements such as reduced HbA1c levels, decreased emergency visits, and improved medication adherence rates. |
| Effectiveness | The degree to which the intervention achieves desired health outcomes in community settings. | Evaluate improvements in lifestyle behaviors, enhanced dietary practices, increased physical activity, and reduction in diabetes-related hospitalizations. |
| Efficacy | The ability of the intervention to produce desired results under controlled research conditions. | Review clinical trial findings and controlled study data that demonstrate DSME’s impact on glycemic control and self-care behaviors among similar populations. |
This discussion demonstrates alignment with the following program competencies:
Competency 5: Evaluate healthcare policies to promote equitable care and advocate for social justice, especially for populations vulnerable due to social determinants of health. (POs 2, 9)
Competency 7: Integrate research evidence and population-level data to enhance preventive strategies and strengthen overall health outcomes. (PO 1)
Competency 8: Exhibit leadership in professional identity, advanced reasoning, systems-based practice, and accountability when selecting, implementing, and evaluating interventions. (PO 1)
This discussion supports the following course outcomes:
Outcome 2: Apply ethical and legal principles to support equitable, ethical, and value-based healthcare policies across multiple system levels (micro, meso, and macro). (PC 5; PO 9)
Outcome 5: Develop strategies for delivering culturally responsive, high-quality care to high-risk and underserved populations to reduce social inequities. (PCs 7, 8; PO 1)
Chrvala, C. A., Sherr, D., & Lipman, R. D. (2016). Diabetes self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of the effect on glycemic control. Patient Education and Counseling, 99(6), 926–943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2015.11.003
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.). Healthy People 2030. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople
